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‘Host’ figurines

‘Host’ figurines

‘Figura huésped’ figurine from Teotihacan

These unusual figures from the great ancient Mexican city of Teotihuacán - revered by the Aztecs/Mexica and called by them the ‘City of Gods’ - present something of a mystery: what exactly did they signify? They appear to have puzzled scholars since the first one, from Metepec, was found by George Vaillant in 1933 (it’s now in the American Museum of Natural History)...

Dubbed figura huésped or ‘host figurine’ in Spanish - as they ‘host’ varying numbers of smaller, solid figurines inside them - these two-part, relatively naked clay figures, found in burials and offerings as far away from Teotihuacán as Guatemala, Michoacán and the Yucatán, have prompted experts to suggest a number of possible meanings:-
Fertility, nurturing and growth (Note though that host figurines are just as often male as female!)
• The concept of the nahual - our inner self, companion spirit, double
• An earth deity receiving and protecting the souls of dead warriors
• The multi-ethnic make-up of a city like Teotihuacán: there were many outlying neighbourhoods composed largely of groups of migrant workers from far-away Oaxaca and Michoacán, drawn to the city by its great size and wealth (by 250 CE its population had reached 100,000, spread over some 25 square kilometers). Did these figurines show that, while on the surface the city’s inhabitants looked much the same, inside they guarded closely their own local beliefs and customs that they were reluctant to turn their backs on?

What do you think? Let us have your ideas...

Photos by Ian Mursell/Mexicolore
Info from Teotihuacán: Art from the City of the Gods, edited by Kathleen Berrin and Esther Pasztory, Thames & Hudson, New York, 1993, and from Professor Karl Taube and Dr. Leonardo López Luján (personal communications).

Comments (4)

B

Brian

23rd Feb 2017

Actually what these represent in the consciousness that exist in each part of the body. Like a little person each part of the body has it’s own consciousness that in some ways can be represented as little indwelling spirit, or person

L

Lucia Perry

1st Nov 2011

I’ve lived in Arizona all my life. My grandmother had a big collection of Metates, which I now own (why I am on this site today). Very interesting site! As to the “host” figure: To me, it represents a rebirth figure. When I was a child, I read a book of Mexican fairy/folk tales. In it, the secret to the wealth of a cattle rancher was discovered: after his cattle were slaughtered, they would be reborn again as cattle. I have never run into this concept again. Could the Nahual have believed in reincarnation? I know the border between the worlds of life and death is more permeable in some areas of Latin America. Today is Day of the Dead, which you probably address somewhere here. It’s such a part of SW culture that even the white residents honor it, or attend events. In Tucson, Arizona, there is a Day of the Dead costume parade, with many representations of skeleton people, and La Catarina. Our Botanical Garden in Phoenix/Tempe area had a parade the other night and ofrendas, or altars, to deceased relatives. These are common in Mexico, where the altars are decorated with photos, favorite items, perhaps tequila, fancy candy skulls, etc. The skulls and skeleton people are often set in comical tableaux, as if to laugh at death. La Catarina is a finely dressed lady who is also dead-- kind of a memento mori joke, there. In Guanajuato, MX, there is a display of mummies in a hillside catacomb. [I could give more details]. Gruesome but perhaps a melding of the Catholic display of “relics” and the Aztec death fixation.

t

tecpaocelotl

16th May 2011

I believe the smaller images are “older” gods and the bigger ones are the “newer” gods. Kind of how many Catholic saints are representations of the ancient gods in Mexico.

A

Alejandro

12th May 2011

I’m not sure that these are depicting nahuals (at least not these images). Isn’t a nahual an animal-spirit that has a connection with a person, and lives in the world that mirrors our world (underworld?)?
I’d be curious to see those figurines that do contain more animal-like figures.

M

Mexicolore

Good point, Alejandro! As far as we can make out, none of the images of ‘host figurines’ - at least those images published in the exhibition catalogues/books that we’ve seen - contain animal/bird figures.

‘Host’ figurines

‘Figura huésped’ figurine from Teotihacan

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